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Earthquake resistant design. --- Buildings --- Earthquake effects. --- Buildings - Earthquake effects.

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Earthquakes --- Buildings --- Seismology --- Earthquake effects --- Special issues --- Earthquakes - Turkey - Kocaeli Vilayeti --- Buildings - Earthquake effects - Turkey - Kocaeli Vilayeti --- Earthquakes - Turkey - Kocaeli Vilayeti. --- Seismology - Turkey.

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Earthquake engineering is the ultimate challenge for structural engineers. Even if natural phenomena involve great uncertainties, structural engineers need to design buildings, bridges, and dams capable of resisting the destructive forces produced by them. These disasters have created a new awareness about the disaster preparedness and mitigation. Before a building, utility system, or transportation structure is built, engineers spend a great deal of time analyzing those structures to make sure they will perform reliably under seismic and other loads. The purpose of this book is to provide str

Disaster relief. --- Earthquake engineering. --- Earthquake hazard analysis. --- Earthquakes -- Safety measures. --- Earthquakes. --- Historic buildings -- Earthquake effects. --- Earthquake engineering --- Earthquake resistant design --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Civil Engineering --- Earthquake resistant design. --- Aseismic design --- Seismic design --- Structural design --- Vertical evacuation structures

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The current state-of-the-art allows seismologists to give statistical estimates of the probability of a large earthquake striking a given region, identifying the areas in which the seismic hazard is the highest. However, the usefulness of these estimates is limited, without information about local subsoil conditions and the vulnerability of buildings. Identifying the sites where a local ampli?cation of seismic shaking will occur, and identifying the buildings that will be the weakest under the seismic shaking is the only strategy that allows effective defence against earthquake damage at an affordable cost, by applying selective reinforcement only to the structures that need it. Unfortunately, too often the Earth’s surface acted as a divide between seism- ogists and engineers. Now it is becoming clear that the building behaviour largely depends on the seismic input and the buildings on their turn act as seismic sources, in an intricate interplay that non-linear phenomena make even more complex. These phenomena are often the cause of observed damage enhancement during past ear- quakes. While research may pursue complex models to fully understand soil dyn- ics under seismic loading, we need, at the same time, simple models valid on average, whose results can be easily transferred to end users without prohibitive expenditure. Very complex models require a large amount of data that can only be obtained at a very high cost or may be impossible to get at all.

Buildings -- Earthquake effects -- Congresses. --- Earthquake engineering -- Congresses. --- Earthquakes -- Safety measures -- Congresses. --- Seismology -- Research -- Congresses. --- Earthquake engineering --- Buildings --- Earthquakes --- Seismology --- Civil Engineering --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Earthquake effects --- Safety measures --- Research --- Vibration. --- Earthquake engineering. --- Earthquake hazard analysis. --- Earthquake hazard assessment --- Hazard analysis, Earthquake --- Seismic hazard analysis --- Seismic risk assessment --- Seismic vulnerability assessment --- Hazard analysis --- Earth sciences. --- Geotechnical engineering. --- Dynamical systems. --- Dynamics. --- Civil engineering. --- Earth Sciences. --- Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences. --- Civil Engineering. --- Vibration, Dynamical Systems, Control. --- Cycles --- Mechanics --- Sound --- Civil engineering --- Engineering --- Engineering geology --- Shear walls --- Public works --- Dynamical systems --- Kinetics --- Mathematics --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Force and energy --- Physics --- Statics --- Engineering, Geotechnical --- Geotechnics --- Geotechnology --- Seismography --- Geophysics --- Quakes (Earthquakes) --- Earth movements --- Natural disasters

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Many more people are coming to live in earthquake-prone areas, especially urban ones. Many such areas contain low-rise, low-cost housing, while little money is available to retrofit the buildings to avoid total collapse and thus potentially save lives. The lack of money, especially in developing countries, is exacerbated by difficulties with administration, implementation and public awareness. The future of modern earthquake engineering will come to be dominated by new kinds of measuring technologies, new materials developed especially for low-rise, low-cost buildings, simpler and thus lower cost options for retrofitting, cost cutting and raising public awareness. The book covers all the areas involved in this complex issue, from the prevention of total building collapse, through improvement techniques, to legal, financial, taxation and social issues. The contributors have all made valuable contributions in their own particular fields; all of them are or have been closely involved with the issues that can arise in seismic zones in any country. The recent research results published here offer invaluable pointers to practicing engineers and administrators, as well as other scientists whose work involves saving the lives and property of the many millions of people who live and work in hazardous buildings.

Buildings --Earthquake effects. --- Earthquake engineering. --- Earthquake hazard analysis. --- Structural engineering. --- Earthquake engineering --- Earthquake hazard analysis --- Buildings --- Structural engineering --- Engineering - General --- Civil Engineering --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Earthquake effects --- Earthquake resistant design. --- Earthquakes --- Risk assessment. --- Quakes (Earthquakes) --- Aseismic design --- Seismic design --- Engineering. --- Earth sciences. --- Geotechnical engineering. --- Structural mechanics. --- Vibration. --- Dynamical systems. --- Dynamics. --- Building. --- Construction. --- Engineering, Architectural. --- Building materials. --- Building Construction. --- Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences. --- Structural Mechanics. --- Earth Sciences, general. --- Vibration, Dynamical Systems, Control. --- Building Materials. --- Design and construction. --- Earth movements --- Natural disasters --- Seismology --- Structural design --- Vertical evacuation structures --- Mechanics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Geography. --- Building construction. --- Building Construction and Design. --- Solid Mechanics. --- Cycles --- Mechanics --- Sound --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Buildings—Design and construction. --- Dynamical systems --- Kinetics --- Mathematics --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Force and energy --- Statics --- Engineering, Geotechnical --- Geotechnics --- Geotechnology --- Engineering geology --- Geosciences --- Environmental sciences --- Physical sciences --- Architectural engineering --- Construction --- Construction science --- Engineering, Architectural --- Architecture --- Construction industry --- Architectural materials --- Building --- Building supplies --- Construction materials --- Structural materials --- Materials --- Design and construction